Recoil-operated self-loading firearm



Aug. 31, 1943. c. e. SWEBILIUS RECOIL-OPERATED SELF-LOADING FIREARMFiled July 30, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet l Hfiorrrvys 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug.31, 1943. c. G. SWEBILIUS RECOIL-OPERATED SELF-LOADING FIREARM FiledJuly 30, 1940 Aug. 31, 1943. c. G. SWEBILIUS RECOIL-OPERATEDSELF-LOADING FIREARM Filed July 30, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 III I Aug. 31,1943. c. G. SWEBILIUS RECOIL-OPERATED SELF-LOADING FIREARM Filed July30, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Car*/ 4)? 1 0/ eyp I Patented Aug. 31, 1943RECOlL-OPERATED SELF-LOADING FIREARM Carl G. Swebilius, Hamden, Conn,assignor to Western Cartridge Company,

New Haven,

Conn., a corporation of Delaware Application July 30, 1940, Serial No.348,511

8 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in firearms and more particularlyto firearms of the so-called self-loading or automatic type wherein thebarrel of the firearm reciprocates axially upon the discharge of thefirearm actuating the mechanism to effect the ejection of a just-firedcartridge and the subsequent insertion of a fresh cartridge into thecartridge chamber of the firearm.

One object of the present invention is to pro vide a self-loadingfirearm of the reciprocatingbarrel type having a superior constructionand arrangement of parts whereby a relatively-short axial movement ofthe barrel-unit imparts a relatively-long axial movement to thebreech-bolt of the firearm.

Another of the objects of the present invention is to provide a superiorrecoil-operated self-loading firearm which may be relied upon tofunction properly over long periods of use and which'may be produced ata relatively-low cost for manufacture.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an automaticfirearm of the type referred to, having a superior construction andarrangement of parts whereby a durable, compact and rugged constructioncombined with simplicity of manufacture is achieved.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a superiorautomatic firearm of the reciprocating-barrel type wherein the actuationof the mechanism is accomplished with a minimum amount of recoil shock.

With the above and other objects in view, as will appear to thoseskilled in the art from the present disclosure, this invention includesall features in the said disclosure which are novel over the prior artand which are not claimed in any separate application.

In the accompanying drawings, in which certain modes of carrying out thepresent invention are shown for illustrative purposes:

Fig. 1 is a broken view in side elevation of a recoil-operatedself-loading firearm embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a view partly in vertical centrallongitudinal section andpartly in side elevation of the central portion of the firearm, thebreechbolt being shown in its breech-closing position and thebarrel-unit in its full forward position;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4-is a view similar to Fig. 2' but showing the barrel-unit in itsfully recoiled or retired position;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the breech-bolt in itsfully retired position and the barrel-unit in its full forward position;

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a similar view taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 88 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 9 is a broken view in side elevation of the rear portion of thereciprocating-barrel together with the forward portion of thebarrel-extension forming a unit therewith;

Fig. 10 is an underside view thereof;

Fig. 11 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line ll-Il of Fig.9;

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the transmitting-lever; I

Fig. 13 is a side-elevational view of the breechbolt;

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the bolt-operating bar; and

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the transmitting-plunger.

The particular recoil-operated self-loading firearm herein chosen forillustrating the present invention includes a receiver 20 having amechanism-receiving chamber 2| in its interior which communicates withthe exterior of the righthand side-face of the said receiver by means ofan ejection-opening 22 as shown in Fig. 1. Rigid with and extendingrearwardly from the receiver 20 is a receiver-extension 23 serving tofirmly attach a buttstock 24 to the said receiver. Depending from theunderside of the receiver 20 is a loop-like trigger-guard 25 into whichprojects a trigger 26 adapted to efiect the discharge of the firearm inany approved manner not requiring detailed description herein.

Extending forwardly from the forward end of the receiver 20 is areciprocating barrel-unit 21 which includes a barrel 28 and acylindricallycontoured barrel-extension 29 threadedly secured to therear end of the said barrel so as to form a rigid feature thereof. Thebarrel-extensionZS projects rearwardly from the barrel 28 into the upperportion of the mechanism-receiving chamber 2| of the receiver 20 withcapacity for axial reciprocation in the said mechanism-receiving chamber2| in the general manner of recoiloperated automatic or self-loadingfirearms.

The barrel-extension 29' of the barrel-unit 21 has a top-wall 30 whichis transversely curved exteriorly and a side-wal13l extending downwardlyfrom the said top-wall 30 at the lefthand side thereof and similarlytransversely curved exteriorly in continuation of the curvature of thesaid top-wall. The top-wall and the side wall 3| of the barrel-extension29 thus provide a bolt-receiving chamber 32 opening downwardly and alsooutwardly through the right-hand side-face of the said barrel-extensionin registration with the ejection-opening 22 in the receiver 20 when thebarrel-unit 21 is in its full forward position. The said bolt-receivingchamber 32 is adapted to receive a breech-bolt 33 which is movable bothwith and relative to the said barrel-unit 21. The breech-bolt 33 isreleasably locked in its breech-closing position in the bolt-receivingchamber 32 as shown in Fig. 2 in a manner as will hereinafter appear.

The barrel-extension 29 of the barrel-unit 21 has an external diameterlarger than the external diameter of the abutting rear-portion of thebarrel 28 so as to provide an annular forwardly-facing stop-shoulder 34normally engaged with the rear face of the body-portion 35a of abarrel-guiding member 35. The said barrel-guiding member 35 is providedin the upper part of its body-portion 35a with a barrelreceiving passage36 through which the barrel 28 forwardly extends. Forwardly projectingfrom each of the opposite sides of the bodyportion 35a of thebarrel-guiding member 35 are two parallel laterally-spaced-apartbarrelguiding arms 31 and 38, each of which is formed in its inner facewith a guide-groove 39 extending in parallelism with the longitudinalaxis of the barrel-unit 21. Reciprocating in the guidegrooves 39-39respectively are guide-ribs 40-46,

one of which is formed integrally on each of the respective oppositesides of an actuatinglug 4| rigid with anddepending from the barrel 28at a point forwardly of the rear end thereof as is clearly shown inFigs. 9, 10 and 11. The said actuating-lug may be formed integral withthe barrel 28 or welded, brazed or otherwise secured thereto.

The barrel 28 is formed on each of the respective opposite sides thereofwith one of a complemental pair of lugs 42-42 located above theactuating-lug 4| and each is provided with a longitudinal aperturereceiving with a free sliding fit the forward portion of one of acomplemental pair of spring-guide rods 43-43. One of the said pair ofrods 43-43 is thus located on each of the respective opposite sides ofthe barrel 28 adjacent the rear portion thereof. mediately adjacent itsrear end, each of the spring-guide rods 43-43 is formed with an integralannular collar 44 and with a locatingstud 45 extending rearwardlytherefrom. The locating-stud 45 of each of the spring-guide rods 43-43is seated in a suitable forwardly-opening locating-pocket, one of whichis formed on each of the respective opposite sides of thebarrelreceiving passage 36 in the body-portion 35a of the barrel-guidingmember 35 immediately above the upper surface of the respectivebarrelguiding arms 31 and 38.

Each of the spring-guide rods 43-43 is respectively encircled by one oftwo helical barrelreturn springs 46-46 each of which bears at its rearend against the forward face of the collar 44 of the particularspring-guide rod 43 which it encircles. Each spring 46 thus thrustsrearwardly against the forward face of the bodyportion 35a of thebarrel-guiding member 35. The forward end of each of the barrel-returnsprings 46-46 thrusts forwardly against the rear releguiding member 35have secured thereto by I screws 41, a fore-stock 48 which is ofsubstantially U-shaped form in cross-section to accommodate the lowerportion of the barrel 28, the said barrel-guiding arms 31 and 38, andalso to accommodate a tubular-magazine 49 located below the barrel 28 invertical spaced relationship thereto and extending in substantialparallelism therewith. Thesaid tubular-magazine 49 is provided adjacentits rear end with an annular flange or collar 58, the rear face of whichpresses against the forward face of the lower part of the body-portion35a of the barrel-guiding member 35 around a magazine-receiving passage5| therein. The portion of the tubularrnagazine 49 to the rear of itscollar 50 is provided with external interrupted threads whichinterengage with interrupted threads formed within the lower forwardportion of the receiver 20. In this manner the tubular-magazine 49serves to hold the barrel-guiding member 35 to the receiver 20, so thatthe said barrel-guiding member under normal conditions constitutes arigid extension of the said receiver.

Adjacent the forward end of the barrel-guiding arm 31 of thebarrel-guiding member 35, the said barrel-guiding arm is formed with atransversely-extending clearance-slot 52 intersecting the adjacent oneof the guide-grooves 39 and into which extends the adjacent fixed-end 53of a pivotal plate-like transmitting-lever 54. The transmitting-lever 54is mounted for pivotal movement on a vertically-extending pivot-pin 55supported in the adjacent portions of the barrel-guiding arm 31 as isclearly shown in Fig. 7. The said transmitting-lever extendstransversely across the space between the barrel-guiding arms 31 and 38to the rear of and adjacent to the actuating-lug 4| of the barrel 28, asis particularly well shown in Fig. 3. The transmittinglever 54 is-formedwith an arcuate forward edge constituting a cam-surface 56 adapted to beengaged by a complemental cam-surface 51 forming part of the rear faceof the actuating-lug 4| of the barrel 28. At its outer or free-end, thetransmitting-lever 54 is formed with a nose 58 having its rear faceoutwardly curved and extended into a transverse clearance-slot 56 formedin the adjacent forward portion of the barrel-guiding arm 38 andintersecting the guide-groove 39 therein.

The nose 58 of the transmitting-lever 54 is positioned in theclearance-slot 59 just above referred to and is adapted to engage theforward end of a cylindrical transmitting-plunger 60 freely mounted foraxial reciprocation in a guidepassage 6| extending longitudinally in thebarrelguiding arm 38 with its forward portion intersecting theclearance-slot 59 of the said arm 38, as is clearly shown in Figs. 3 and'7. The guidepassage 6| just referred to opens outwardly through therear face of the body-portion 35a of the barrel-guiding member 35 inaxial alignment with a clearance-passage 62 formed in the forlocated isin position to be engaged by the front or rear walls respectivelyconstituting stop-abutments 84 and 65 of a longitudinal clearance-notch66 formed on the outer periphery of the transmitting-plunger 68.

Extending axially through the clearance-passage 62 and into the rearportion of the guidepassage 8| and normally located therein, is theforward portion of a bolt-operating bar 81, the forward end of which isnormally positioned adjacent the rear end of the transmitting-plunger 68for engagement thereby, in a manner as will hereinafter appear. The saidbolt-operating bar 81, as is particularly well shown in Figs. 3 and 6,reciprocates in and is guided by a longitudinal guide-groove 88 formedin the inner face of the left-hand side-wall of the receiver 20 axiallyin line with the clearance-passage 62 in the forward wall thereof.Intermediate its opposite ends the bolt-operating bar 81 is providedwith an inwardly-projecting guide-lug 69 reciprocating in a longitudinalguide-groove 18 formed in the forward portion of the left-hand side-faceof the breech-bolt 33. Adjacent its rear end the boltoperating bar 61 isformed with a transversepassage 1| receiving the adjacent end of aboltoperating pin 12 extending transversely of the firearm through apair of corresponding arcuate cam-slots 13-13 one of which isrespectively formed in each of the side-walls of alongitudinally-extending downwardly-opening clearancegroove 14 formed inthe underside of the breechbolt 33 and across which the saidbolt-operating pin extends.

Mounted on the right-hand side-face of the breech-bolt 33 is a manualbolt-operating slide 15 provided at its forward end with anoutwardlyprojecting finger-piece 16 and formed adjacent its rear endwith a transverse passage 11 receiving the adjacent end of thebolt-operating pin 12 just above referred to. Adjacent its forward endthe operating-slide 15. is provided on its inner face with aninwardly-projecting guide-lug 18 reciprocating in a guide-groove 19formed in the forward portion of the right-hand side-face 0f thebreech-bolt 33. By means of the slide 15 the breech-bolt 33 may bemanually moved rearwardly in a manner as will hereinafter appear.

The breech-bolt 33 is releasably locked in its breech-closing positionin the bolt-receiving chamber 32 of the barrel-extension 29 as is shownin Fig. 2, by an integral upwardly-projecting longitudinal locking-rib80. The rear end of the locking-rib 88 constitutes an abutment 8|adapted to engage a forwardly-facing bolt-locking abutment 82 formingthe rear wall of a longitudinal clearance-slot 83 provided in thetop-wail 30 of the barrel-extension 28.

Each of the cam-slots 13-13, before referred to, of the breech-bolt 33is formed with an arcuate lower rear wall constituting one of twounlockingcams 84-84 and with substantially-L-shaped locking-cams 8585forming the upper forward Walls of the said cam-slots 13-13.

Each of the unlocking-cams 8484 coacts with the adjacent portions of thebolt-operating pin 12 located in the respective cam-slots 13-43 to rockthe rear portion of the breech-bolt 33 downwardly to thus retire thelocking-rib 88 thereof out from the clearance-slot 83 in thebarrel-extension 28 for purposes as will hereinafter appear.

The locking-cams -85 of the breech-bolt 33 are also adapted to coactwith the bolt-operating pin 12 to raise the rear portion of thebreech-bolt '33 when the same'is in its breech-closing position andenter the lockinggrib 88 thereof into the clearance-slot 83 of thebarrel-extension 29 to lock the said breech-bolt in its breech-closingposition in a manner as will hereinafter appear.

Pivotally organized with the central portion of the bolt-operating pin12 and located in the clearance-groove 14 in the breech-bolt 33 is theforward portion of a bolt-closing link 86. The rear end of the said linkis pivotaily secured to the forward end of a spring-plunger 81 mountedin the tubular receiver-extension 23 of the receiver 28 with capacityfor reciprocating movement therein and having an axialrearwardly-opening spring-receiving pocket 88. The spring-receivingpocket 88 of the spring-plunger 81 receives the forward portion of ahelical bolt-return spring 89 mainly housed in the receiver-extension 23as is shown particularly well in Fig. 1.

The bolt-return spring 88 serves, through the intermediary of thespring-plunger 81, bolt-clos ing link 86 and the bolt-operating pin 12acting upon the locking-cams 8585 of the breech-bolt 33, to constantlybut yieldingly urge the said breech-bolt forwardly and upwardly into itslocked breech-closing position within the bolt-receiving chamber 32 ofthe barrel-unit 21.

For the purposes of description let it be assumed that the breech-boltis locked in its breechclosing position and that the cartridge-chamberof the barrel 28 contains a cartridge and the various parts are in thepisitions shown particularly well in Figs. 2 and 3. Under theseconditions the firearm may be discharged.

Immediately following the discharge of the firearm, the barrel-unit 21,comprising the barml 28 and the barrel-extension 29, together with thebreech-bolt 33, will be moved rearwardly by the recoil forces generatedby the discharge of the just-fired cartridge. The barrel-unit 21 will bemoved rearwardly. against the tension of the bolt-return spring 89. Thebarrel-unit 21 together with thebreech-bolt 33 will thus have been movedrearwardly a relatively-short distance from the positions they occupy inFig. 2 to. the positions in which they are shown in Fig. 4. The rearwardtravel of the barrel-unit 21 is halted as shown in Fig. 4 by theengagement of the rear end of the barrel-extension 29 with aforwardlyfacing stop-abutment '98 provided in the rear portion of themechanism-receiving chamber 2| of the receiver 20, as is particularlywell shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5.

The rearward travel of the barrel-unit 21 will correspondingly move theactuating-lug 4| of the barrel 28 and cause the cam-surface 51 of thesaid lug to engage the cam-surface 56 of the transmitting-lever 54. Thisengagement will swing the transmitting-lever 54 rearwardly about itspivot-pin 55 from the position in which it is shown in full lines inFig. 3 to substantially the dotted line position indicated in the samefigure.

This rearward swinging movement of the trans-- mitting-lever 54 willcause the nose 58 thereof to sharply strike the forward end of thetransmitting-plunger 60 to kick," so to speak,'the said plungerrearwardly against the forward end of the bolt-operating bar 61concurrently moving the latter rearwardly. a

In imparting rearward movement to the transmuting-plunger 60, thetransmitting-lever 54 acts as an accelerator. This action will beapparent when it'is observed that as the actuating-lug 4| of thebarrel-unit 21 initially moves the said transmitting-lever 54, the nose58 of the latter is located well forwardly of the pivot-pin 55 so that,relatively speaking, the cam-surface 51 of the actuating-lug 4| appliesits force initially at a point relatively remote from the saidpiVot-pin55. As the action of the actuating-lug 4] in swinging thetransmitting-lever 54 continues, the point of application of force tothe said transmitting-lever will approach relatively nearer thepivot-pin 55 as is evident by comparing the full line position of theactuating-lug 4| and transmitting-lever 54 in Fig. 3 with the positionof the same indicated by broken lines in the said figure.

The above-described action initiates the rearward travel of thetransmitting-plunger 60 at a relatively-slow rate which is but slightlygreater than a one-to-one ratio as compared with the movement of thesaid actuating-lug. As the described movement progresses, however, theratio of movement between the actuating-lug 4| of the barrel-unit andthe transmitting-plunger 6|! ultimately reaches a, point where the saidtransmitting-plunger is moved at substantially twice the speed of thesaid actuating-lug 4|. After the actuating-lug 4| of the barrel-unit 21and the transmitting-lever 54 have reached the limit of their rearwardmovement, the transmittingplunger 60 and the parts propelled therebywill continue rearwardly in a manner and for the purposes as willhereinafter appear. the rearward travel of the said transmitting-plungerbeing halted by the engagement of its stop-abutment 64 with theretaining-pin 63.

The initial rearward movement of the transmitting-plunger 60, as abovedescribed, and the consequent rearward movement of the bolt-operatingbar 61 will serve to rearwardly shift the bolt-operating pin 12 (andincidentally also the bolt-operating slide 15) relative to thebreechbolt 33. The described rearward movement of the bolt-operating pin72 and the associated parts will be against the tension of thebolt-return spring 89 acting through the bolt-closing link 86 and thespring-plunger 81.

The rearward movement of the bolt-operating pin 12 and the associatedparts, as above described, will cause the said bolt-operating pin toengage the adjacent unlocking-cams 8484 of the cam-slots |313 in thebreech-bolt'33 and thus force the rear end of the said breech-boltdownwardly to withdraw the abutment 8| thereof from its lockingengagement with the bolt-locking abutment 82 of the barrel-extension 29.This unlocking action of the breech-bolt 33 will occur immediatelyfollowing the stoppage of the rearward travel of the barrel-unit 21 bythe engagement of the barrel-extension with the stopabutment 90 withinthe receiver 20, as shown in Fig. 4.

After having been unlocked as above described, the breech-bolt 33 willcontinue its rearward travel from the position shown in Fig. 4 into itsfull breech-opening position as shown in Fig.

5. While the breech-bolt 33 i traveling rearwardly from the positionshown in Fig. 4 to the position shown in Fig. 5, the barrel-unit 2! willcoincidentally be moving forwardly under the urge of the barrel-returnsprings 4646 to again occupy the position in which it is shown in Fig. 5relative to the breech-bolt 33.

When the parts have reached the. positions in which they are shown inFig. 5, the ejection of the just-fired cartridge through theejectionopening 22 in the receiver 20 will have been completed and thefirearm will be cooked.

The next movement in the sequence of operations which will occur, willbe the return of the breech-bolt 33 under the urge of the bolt-retumspring 89, into its full breech-closing and locked position as shown inFig. 2. Ihe forward travel of the breech-bolt, as just described, willeffect the insertion of a fresh cartridge into the cartridge chamber ofthe barrel 28 of the barrelunit 21 preparatory to the firearm againbeing discharged.

The described return movement of the breechbolt 33 will be effectedthrough the intermediary of the bolt-closing link-.86, spring-plunger 81and bolt-operating pin 12 to cause the latter to en gage with thecomplemental locking-cam 85 of the breech-bolt 33 and force the rear endof the said breech-bolt upwardly to engage its abutment 8| with thebolt-locking abutment 82 of the barrel-extension 29.

Should it be desired to manually retire the breech-bolt 33 into its fullbreech-opening position for the purpose ofremoving a shell from thecartridge chamber of the barrel, or for the purpose of inserting a freshcartridge thereinto, this may be accomplished by drawing rearwardly uponthe finger-piece 16 of the bolt-operating slide 15 to thus cause thebolt-operating pin 12 to move rearwardly. This rearward movement of thebolt-operating pin 12 will cause the same to engage with theunlocking-cams 84-84 of the breech-bolt 33 with the effect of rockingthe rear end of the said breech-bolt downwardly so as to first unlockthe same and subsequently move the said breech-bolt rearwardly to itsfull breech-opening position as shown in Fig. 5.

By locating the transmitting-lever 54 or its equivalent forwardly of thebreech-bolt 33 and vertically intermediate the barrel 28 and thetubular-magazine 49, it is possible to maintain the bulk of th receiver20 at a minimum without unduly increasing the dimensions of the parts ofthe firearm forward of the said receiver. Furthermore, by theconstruction and arrangement exemplified in the accompanying drawings,an accelerating action upon the breech-bolt 33 is effected without unduecomplication of Parts and without sacrifice of strength.

The invention may be carried out in other specific way than those hereinset forth without departing from the spirit and essentialcharacteristics of the invention, and the present embodiments are,therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and notrestrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalencyrange of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.

I claim:

1. A recoil-operated self-loading firearm including in combination: areceiver-unit; a barrel-unit projecting forwardly from the saidreceiver-unit and movable with respect thereto under the forcesdeveloped by the discharge of a cartridge; a tubular-magazine alsoextending forwardly from the said receiver-unit and in substantialparallelism with and beneath the said barrel-unit; a breech-bolt withinthe said re-- ceiver-unit and movable with respect to the same and withrespect to the said barrel-unit; and bolt-actuating means constructedand arranged to transmit the recoil movement of the said barrel-unit tothe said breech-bolt to effect the movement thereof relative to the saidreceiverunit and the said barrel-unit, the said bolt-actuating meansincluding-a transmitting-lever located vertically intermediate the saidbarrel-unit and the said tubular-magazine and pivoted to the saidreceiver-unit at a point forwardly of the forward end of the saidbreech-bolt, a portion of the said transmitting-lever being positionedto be engaged by the said barrel-unit when the same recoils upon thedischarge of a cartridge.

2. A recoil-operated self-loading firearm including in combination: areceiver-unit; a barrel-unit projecting forwardly from the saidreceiver-unit and movable with respect thereto under the forcesdeveloped by the discharge of a cartridge; a tubular-magazine alsoextending forwardly from the said receiver-unit and in substantialparallelism with and beneath the said barrel-unit; a breech-bolt withinthe said receiver-unit and movable with respect to the same and withrespect to the said barrel-unit; and bolt-actuating means constructedand arranged to transmit the recoil movement of the said barrel-unit tothe said breech-bolt to effect the movement thereof relative to the saidreceiverunit and the said barrel-unit, the said bolt-actuating meansincluding a, transmitting-lever extending substantially horizontallybetween the said barrel-unit and the said tubular-magazine and pivotedto the said receiver unit about a substantially-vertical axis, the saidtransmittinglever being located at a point forwardly of the front end ofthe said breech-bolt, a portion of the said transmitting-lever beingpositioned to when the same recoils upon the discharge of a cartridge. v

4. A recoil-operatedself-loading firearm including in combinatiom'areceiver-unit comprising a receiver and a receiver-extension projectingforwardly therefrom; a barrel-unit movable with respect to the saidreceiver-unit under the forces developed by the discharge of acartridge,- the said barrel-unit comprising a barrel projectingforwardly from the receiver'of-the said receiver-unit and abarrel-extension projecting rearwardly' into and reciprocable in thereceiver of the said receiver-unit; a tubular-magazine extendingforwardly from the said receiver-unit and in substantial parallelismwith and beneath the said barrel-unit; a breech-bolt within the receiverof 'the said receiver-unit and cooperating with the barrel-extension ofthe said barrel-unit, the said breech-bolt'being movable with respect toboth the receiver of the said receiver-unit and the barrel-extension ofthe said barrel-unit; and bolt-actuatin means constructed and arrangedto transmit the recoil movement of the said barrel-unit to the saidbreech-bolt to effect the movement of the latter, the saidbolt-actuating means including a transmitting-lever extendingsubstantially horizontally between the barrel of the said barrel-unitand the said tubular-magazine and pivoted to the said receiver-extensionabout a substantially-vertical axis, the said transmitting-lever beinglocated at a point forbe engaged by the recoil of the said barrel-unit.

3. A recoil-operated self-loading firearm including in combination: areceiver-unit comprising a receiver and a receiver-extension projectingforwardly therefrom; a barrel-unit movable with respect to the saidreceiver-unit under the forces developed by the discharge of acartridge, the said barrel-unit comprising a barrel projecting forwardlyfrom the receiver of the said receiver-unit and a barrel-extensionprojecting rearwardly into and reciprocable in the receiver of the saidreceiver-unit; a tubular-magazine extending forwardly from the saidreceiver-unit and in substantial parallelism with and beneath the saidbarrel-unit; a breech-bolt within the receiver of the said receiver-unitand cooperating with the barrel-extension of the said barrel-unit,

the said breech-bolt being movable with respect to both the receiverofthe said receiver-unit and the barrel-extension of the said barrel-unit;and bolt-actuating means constructed and arranged to transmit the recoilmovement of the said barrel-unit to the said breech-bolt to effect themovement of the latter, the said bolt-actuating means including atransmitting-lever located vertically intermediate the said barrel-unitand the said tubular-magazine and pivoted to the said receiver-extensionat a point forwardly of the front end of the said breech-bolt andforwardly of the barrel-extension of the said barrel-unit, a portion ofthe said transmitting-lever being positioned to be engaged by the saidbarrel-unit wardly of the frontend of the said breech-bolt and of thebarrel-extension of the said barrelunit; a portion of the saidtransmitting-lever being positioned to be engaged by the recoil of thesaid barrel-unit.

5. A recoil-operated self-loading firearm including in combination: areceiver-unit; a barrel-unit projecting forwardly. from the saidreceiver-unit and movable with respect thereto under the forcesdeveloped by the discharge of a cartridge; a barrel-guiding memberhaving guiding engagement with the said barrel-unit and extendingforwardly from the said receiverunit in substantial parallelism with andbeneath the said barrel-unit, the said barrel-guiding member includingtwo laterally-spaced-apart arms; a tubular-magazin also extendingforwardly from the said receiver-unit in substantial parallelism. withand beneath the said barrelunit, the said tubular-magazine extendingbetween the laterally-spaced-apart arms of the said barrel-guidingmember; a breech-bolt within the said receiver-unit and movable withrespect to the same and with respect to the said barrelunit; andbolt-actuating means constructed. and arranged to transmit the recoilmovement of the said barrel-unit to the said breech-bolt,the saidbolt-actuating means including a'pivotal transmitting-lever locatedvertically intermediate the said barrel-unit and the saidtubular-magazine and extending intermediate the, twolaterallyspaced-apart arms of the said barrel-guiding member, a portionof the said transmitting-lever being positioned to be engaged andpivotally I tial parallelism with and beneath the said barrel-unit, thesaid barrel-guiding member including two laterally-spaced-apart arms; atubularmagazine also extending forwardly from the said receiver-unit insubstantial parallelism with and beneath the said barrel-unit, the saidtubularmagazine extending between the laterallyspaced-apart arms of thesaid barrel-guiding member; a breech-bolt within the said receiverunitand movable with respect to the sameland with respect to the saidbarrel-unit; and boltactuating means constructed and arranged totransmit the recoil movement of the said barrelunit to the saidbreech-bolt, the said bolt-actuating means including atransmitting-lever pivotally connected to one of thelaterally-spacedapart arms of the said barrel-guiding member andextending laterally across the space therebetween toward the other ofsaid arms, a portion of the said transmitting-lever being positioned tobe engaged and actuated by the said barrelunit, and a reciprocatingtransmitting-member guided in the arm of the said barrel-guiding memberopposite from the arm to which the said transmitting-lever is pivoted,the said reciprocatingtransmitting-lever being operatively connected tothe said breech-bolt.

7. A recoil-operated self-loading firearm including 'in combination: areceiver-unit comprising a receiver and a buttstock extending rearwardlytherefrom; a barrel-unit movable with respect to the said receiver-unitunder the forces developed by the discharge of a cartridge, the saidbarrel-unit comprising a barrel-extension projecting rearwardly into andreciprocable in the receiver of the said receiver-unit and a barrelprojecting forwardly from the said barrelextension and providedforwardly of the latter with a depending actuating-lug; a barrel-guidingmember having guiding engagement with the barrel of the said barrel-unitand extending forwardly from the said receiver-unit in substantialparallelism with and beneath the barrel'of the said barrel-unit, thesaid barrel-guiding member including two laterally-spaced-apart armsreceiving between them the depending actuating-lug of the barrel of thesaid barrel-unit; a breechbolt within the said receiver-unit andoperatively associated with the barrel-extension of the said barrel-unitfor movement relative thereto; and bolt-actuating means constructed andarranged to transmit the recoil movement of the said barrel-unit to thesaid breech-bolt, the said boltactuating means including atransmitting-lever located adjacent the actuating-lug of the barrel ofthe said barrel-unit for actuation thereby and pivotally connected toone of the laterallyspaced-apart arms of the said barrel-guidin member,the said transmitting-lever extending laterally across the space betweenthe arms of the said barrel-guiding member in position to be engaged bythe depending actuating-lugs of the barrel of the said barrel-unit.

8. A recoil-operated self-loading firearm including in combination: areceiver-unit comprising a receiver and a buttstock extending rearwardlytherefrom; a barrel-unit movable with respect to the said receiver-unitunder the forces developed by the discharge of a cartridge, the saidbarrel-unit comprising a barrel-extension projecting rearwardly into andreciprocable in the receiver of the said receiver-unit and a barrelprojecting forwardly from the said barrel-extension and providedforwardly of the latter with a depending actuating-lug; a barrel-guidingmember having guiding engagement with the barrel of the said barrel-unitand extending forwardly from the said receiver-unit in substantialparallelism with and beneath the barrel of the said barrel-unit, thesaid barrel-guiding member including two laterally-spaced-apart armsreceiving the depending actuating-lug of the barrel of the saidbarrel-unit between them; a breechbolt within the said receiver-unit andoperatively associated with the barrel-extension of the said barrel-unitfor movement relative thereto; and bolt-actuating means constructed andarranged to transmit the recoil movement of the said barrel-unit to thesaid breech-bolt, the said bolt-actuating means including atransmittinglever located adjacent the actuating-lug of the barrel ofthe said barrel-unit and pivotally connected to one of thelaterally-spaced-apart arms of the said barrel-guiding member, the saidtransmitting-lever extending laterally across the space between the armsof the said barrel-guiding member in position to be engaged by thedepending actuating-lug of the barrel of the said barrel-unit, and areciprocating transmittingmember guided in the arm of the saidbarrelguiding member opposite from the arm to which the saidtransmitting-lever is pivoted, the said reciprocatingtransmitting-member being operatively connected to the said breech-bolt.

' CARL G. SW'EBILIUS.

